Лаборатория империи: мятеж и колониальное знание в Великобритании в век Просвещения

Станислав Малкин
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Аннотация: Это исследование — первая в российской и зарубежной историографии интеллектуальная история решения «Хайлендской проблемы» Великобритании в конце XVII — первой половине XVIII вв. В центре внимания автора — роль колониального знания в умиротворении и «цивилизации» Горной Шотландии. Географы, этнографы, политэкономы в Хайленде были еще и чиновниками, на практике подтверждая тесную связь между властью и знанием в рамках колониальной и окраинной политики европейских держав в духе века Разума и Просвещения. Они сочетали экспансию имперского порядка, новое научное знание и секулярные представления о человечестве. Раскрытие этих сюжетов помогает более глубоко понять, как формировались британская нация и Британская империя, а также значение интеллектуальной колонизации Хайленда для имперского строительства за океанами и шире — роль гуманитарного знания в век Разума, Просвещения и первых глобальных империй. С.Г. Малкин — доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры всеобщей истории и методики обучения Поволжской государственной социально-гуманитарной академии (г. Самара), автор более 70 научных работ по истории.

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Лаборатория империи: мятеж и колониальное знание в Великобритании в век Просвещения
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I. Государственно-правовые акты

1. An Act for annexing certain Forfeited Estates in Scotland to the Crown unalienably; and for making Satisfaction to the Lawful Creditors thereupon; and to establish a Method of managing the same; and applying the Rents and Profits thereof; for the better civilizing and improving the Highlands of Scotland; and preventing Disorders there for the future. London, 1752.

2. An Act for the more effectual Disarming the Highlands of Scotland; and for the more effectually securing the peace of the said Highlands; and for restraining the use of the Highland Dress; and for futher indemnifying such Persons as have acted in Defence of His Majesty’s Person and Government, during the unnatural Rebellion; and for indemnifying the Judges and other Officials of the Court of Justicary in Scotland, for not performing the Northern Circuit in May 1746; and for obliging the Masters aon Teachers of Private Schools in Scotland, and Chaplains, Tutors and Governors of children or Youth, to take the Oath to His Majesty, His Heirs and Successors, and to register the same. London, 1746.

3. An Act to explain, amend, and continue the Provisions made by Two Acts of Parliament of the Nineteenth and Twenty first Years of His Majesty’s Reign, for the more effectual disarming the Highlands in Scotland, and to make Provision for the more speedy ascertaining the lawful Debts or Claims upon the Lands and Hereditaments, that some Time belonged to Alexander Robert son of Strowan, which, with other forfeited Estates, are by an act of the Twenty fifth Year of His Majesty’s Reign annexed to the Crown unalienable. London, 1753.

4. Anno Regni Georgii II. Regis Magnae Britaniae, Franciae, and Hiberniae. Vicesimo Primo. At the Parliament begun and holden at Westminster, the Tenth Day of November, Anno Dom. 1747, in the Twenty first Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, and etc. being the First Session of this present Parliament. London, 1748 [An Act to enforce and render more effectual an Act made in the nineteenth year of His present Majesty’s reign, intitled, An Act for the more effectual Disarming the Highlands of Scotland; and for the more effectually securing the peace of the said Highlands; and for restraining the use of the Highland Dress…].

5. Anno Regni Georgii II. Regis Magnae Britanniae, Franciae, and Hiberniae. Tricesimo Primo. At the Parliament begun and holden at Westminster, the Thirty first Day of May, ann Dom. 1754 in the Twenty seventh Year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, defender of the Faith, and etc. And from thence continued by several Prorogations to the First Day of December, 1757, being the Fifth Session of this present Parliament. London, 1758 [An Act to enforce and render more effectual an Act made in the twenty fifth year of His present Majesty’s reign, intitled, An Act for annexing certain forfeited estates in Scotland to the Crown unalienably…].

6. A Bill intituled, An Act for annexing certain Forfeited Estates in Scotland to the Crown unalienably; and for making Satisfaction to the Lawful Creditors thereupon; and to establish a Method of managing the same; and applying the Rents and Profits thereof; for the better civilizing and improving the Highlands of Scotland; and preventing Disorders there for the future. London, 1752.

7. A Selection of Scottish Forfeited Estates Papers 1715; 1745 / Ed. by A.H. Millar // PSHS. 1909. Vol. LVII.

8. Documents on British Political History. Book One. 1688–1815 / Ed. by J. Wroughton. Edinburgh; London, 1971.

9. Instructions to our trusty and well-beloved George Wade, Esquire, Major-General of our Forces, whom we have appointed to take upon him the Command of our Forces, Castles, Forts and Barracks in North Britain, given at our Court of St James, the 1st day of June 1725, in the eleventh year of our reign // Mackenzie K.S. General George Wade and His Roads. Inverness, 1897.

10. Select Statutes, Cases and Documents to Illustrate English Constitutional History, 1660–1832. With Additional Matter on Irish and Canadian Documents (1840–1931) / Ed. by C.G. Robertson. London, 1949.

11. Signature and Warrand Under His Majesties hand For a New Commission of Justiciary in the Highlands. Edinburgh, 1701.

12. The Eighteenth-Century Constitution, 1688–1815. Document and Commentary / Ed. by E.N. Williams. Cambridge, 1960.

13. The 6th Statute of the Statutes of Icolmkil (Iona), 1609 // Donald J. Gaelic in Scotland 1698–1981 / J. Donald. Edinburgh, 1983.

14. Warrant to Commission for Inquiring into the Slaughter of the M’donalds of Glencoe, April 1695 // PSAS. 1862–1864. Vol. 5.


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